For example, organizations will prioritize hiring a survivor as a staff member or consultant and then equate that action with becoming a fully trauma-informed entity, while failing to use a trauma-informed approach to care, which often retraumatizes individuals receiving services. Because of this increased vulnerability, establishing and maintaining child-friendly spaces is critical to prioritize during the pandemic; they can even be a safe place where children learn about public health protections such as social distancing, mask wearing, and proper hygiene. Myrna E. Walch Korea, South Drawing on lessons learned from the pandemic response thus far, there are four main considerations that aim to mitigate impacts of crises and guide the path forward for the anti-trafficking community: Addressing human trafficking during a global pandemic requires the full range of actors in the anti-trafficking community to bridge the gap and establish a comprehensive coordinated response. Lamiaa Elfar Kari A. Johnstone Page 45: Adria Malcolm At the local and regional levels,she is persistent in advancing advocacy, outreach, and rehabilitation services to combat human trafficking. Burma Germany For the United States, this means confronting its history of chattel slavery, indigenous dispossession, and the centuries-long racial campaigns of violence, fear, and trauma that followed. Advocates and service providers must take all reports of human trafficking seriously, which means that increased reports based on false information make it more difficult for responders to provide support to victims of human trafficking. Since joining the Attorney Generals Office, her team has obtained 73 human trafficking convictions, issued 152 indictments for human trafficking, and initiated 941 human trafficking investigations. The following is a product of the Human Trafficking Expert Consultant Network (the Network) funded by the TIP Office. Worldwide: Trafficking and smuggling are terms that are commonly mixed up or considered synonymous. Living amidst conflict increases childrens exposure to grave human rights violations, which include child trafficking and gender-based violence. Tier rankings and narratives in the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report reflect an assessment of the following: Tier rankings and narratives are NOT affected by the following: Countries whose governments fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. Traffickers often seek out individuals with weaker community or family connections, knowing they have fewer safeguards. With so many disappeared into and abused within this system, entire communities in Xinjiangcommunities with rich histories and immeasurable cultural significancehave become ghost towns. Therefore governments, including the United States, must foster an inclusive environment that allows for a thriving, diverse workforce at alllevels. Saved In America Missing Children Statistics Sudan I look forward to the work ahead, knowing there is much still to accomplish, and we will be more successful when we work together to achieve the goals of combating human trafficking and creating a more fair, equitable world. Many former child soldiers suffer from panic attacks due to trauma. The acts element of sex trafficking is met when a trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, obtains, patronizes, or solicits another person to engage in commercial sex. Al-Obaidly and his team have been strategic and persistent in the drive to instill real change, even when the task at hand seemed impossible. The rates can be found here: https://fiscal.treasury.gov/files/reports-statements/treasury-reporting-rates-exchange/treasury-reporting-rates-of-exchange-as-of-december-31-2020-with-amendments.xlsx, Inside Front Cover: Panos Pictures/William Daniels Furthermore, victims of familial trafficking might not be able to comprehend or identify with the indicators featured in most public awareness and outreach campaigns that share information on how to seek help. These inequities undercut our goal of combating human trafficking and embolden traffickers. U.S. security assistance supports a more stable, democratically-governed nation through improving the capacity and governance of core national-level security institutions, creating an environment conducive to economic opportunities, responding to urgent humanitarian needs, and addressing the root causes of conflict. The chattel slavery system relied on the separation of family units during auctions and trading of enslaved people. While the racial dimensions of human trafficking manifest in different ways in each country, human trafficking still mirrorsand thrives because ofwidespread inequities between racial groups. In 2019, official development assistance (ODA) made up one-tenth of external financial flows to developing countries, according to the OECD, which further predicted a decline of up to 8 percent in 2020 due to the impacts of COVID-19 on economies. U.S. law prohibits perpetrators from using debts as part of their scheme, plan, or pattern to compel a person to work or engage in commercial sex. India Organizations must listen to survivors and determine how best to adapt practices that honor and incorporate their input. Niger As of April 5, no funds subject to CSPA have been obligated. In the absence of a political settlement, the war in Libya will continue to destabilize the broader region, creating space for violent extremists to regroup. Page 49: Matilde Simas As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. Bulgaria Djibouti To request a hard copy of the 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report, please email TIPOutreach@state.gov and provide your mailing address. Rebecca Morgan Sierra Leone Thank you for signing up! Cabo Verde For many people, human trafficking evokes images of women and children being forcibly taken and sold into sexual slavery by strangers, or of people locked in rooms or vehicles far from home. Burma 20 staggering facts about human trafficking in the US With enough time for traffickers to establish effective methods to recruit and groom their victims and insufficient avenues to prosecute various forms of online sexual exploitation, the pandemic accelerated and accrued the challenges to combating online sex trafficking. Human trafficking is typically not so simple or salacious. The U.S. Department of State leads the U.S. governments global engagement to combat human trafficking and chairs the federal interagency anti-trafficking task force. Coercion in the case of sex trafficking includes the broad array of nonviolent means included in the forced labor definition. International Military Education and Training $394,066 Judges admitted virtual victim testimony via livestream in a separate room to allow victims to feel safer and prevent the potential spread of COVID-19. The BSA permits financial institutions to share information relevant to money laundering and terrorist financing under the legal safe harbor provided by the USA PATRIOT Act Section 314(b). Human Trafficking of Children in the United States-A Fact Sheet for In addition, PKO and IMET funding has supported areas such as military justice, civil-military relations, human rights training, IHL training, English language training, military engineering, and resource management and logistics, which not only enhances security provision, but also helps make the FARDC a more transparent, accountable institution. Bethany Hanke Hoang We invite other governments and global partners to join in this effort and hold each other accountable. 6. [iv]National Foster Youth Institute The U.S. government will continue to engage with the Libyan government to urge militias to cease the unlawful recruitment of children and to make proper referrals for such children. There were always lies, and it was never as glamorous as we were promised. (IBLA, 2019). The Embassy will continue to collaborate with UNICEF and other NGOs and encourage the government to view them as a resource in the joint effort to eliminate the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Bangladesh This included individuals confined to their homes or workplaces, households in dire need of financial support, and workers in the informal sector. 2551 (XL-O/10), Department of Public Security and Department against Transnational Organized Crime, The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector(2017), OECD Task Force on Countering Illicit Trade, OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (2003), Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Trafficking in Human Beings, Regional Conference on Migration Plan of Action (updated in 2009), The Liaison Officers Network to Combat Migrant Smuggling and Trafficking in Persons, SADC Strategic Plan of Action on Combating Trafficking in Persons, especially women and Children (2009-2019), Economic Community of West African States, European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation, Council of Europes Group of Experts on Action Against Trafficking in Human Beings, International Criminal Police Organization, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Intersex, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime. Antigua and Barbuda The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). An official website of the United States Government, https://fiscal.treasury.gov/files/reports-statements/treasury-reporting-rates-exchange/treasury-reporting-rates-of-exchange-as-of-december-31-2020-with-amendments.xlsx, Office of the Special Envoy for Critical and Emerging Technology, Office of the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics Releases Human Trafficking Data Collection Likewise, Sewing New Futures, a nonprofit social enterprise that employs women and girls who have survived sex trafficking in northern India, expanded their product line to include cloth face masks. U.S. strategy in Iraq is focused on working with the GOI to achieve a unified, democratic, peaceful, and inclusive Iraq by: defeating the terrorist entity known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS); promoting good governance and reform; supporting the increased capacity and professionalization of Iraqs security forces to bring them more in line with international best practices; promoting human rights; and promoting the protection of Iraqs diverse and often marginalized communities, regardless of their ethnicity, religion, or gender. Regardless of socioeconomic background, child survivors of familial trafficking situations often have limited avenues for resources when seeking assistance. Prosecutors typically conducted interviews with victims virtually and less frequently to prevent re-traumatization. Justin D. Pollard They have set up 16 economic empowerment businesses throughout Albania, which aim to decrease womens risk of exploitation by providing opportunities to participate in entrepreneurial projects in tourism, design, and education, among others. This process includes evaluating programs and policies with humility and commitment to change wherever possible, even where those changes will be difficult to implement. Many COVID-19 mitigation measures, such as mask wearing, virtual engagements, and self-isolation, could re-traumatize survivors. According to international organizations, the CPUs prevented the recruitment of 439 children in 2019. Continuing to bolster Afghan military capability and professionalization through military education and training of Afghan security forces will contribute to a climate that is more favorable for achieving a political settlement and implementing its outcomes. This waiver will allow assistance that directly contributes to efforts to advance the UN-led political process. Receiving various services in one place and during the same timeframe shields the survivor from having to repeat the story of what happened to them multiple times. The Secretary of State is authorized to waive this automatic downgrade only once, in that third year, based on credible evidence that a waiver is justified because the government has a written plan that, if implemented, would constitute making significant efforts to meet the TVPAs minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is devoting sufficient resources to implement the plan. Recruitment and use of child soldiers by the CJTF, a non-governmental self-defense force that receives limited support from the Borno State government, contributed to Nigerias listing under the CSPA from 2015-2018 due to its past use of children. The 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report covers government efforts undertaken from April 1, 2020 through March 31, 2021. Croatia They promise job training, excellent salaries, and the ability to move into higher positions over time. Pakistan In turn, this training would support our efforts to prevent recruitment of child soldiers. Description and Amount of Assistance Provided Pursuant to a Waiver. To extract this work, governments coerce by threatening the withdrawal of public benefits, withholding salaries, failing to adhere to limits on national service, manipulating the lack of legal status of stateless individuals and other minority groups, threatening to punish family members, or conditioning services or freedom of movement on labor or sex. While kicking a ball in an abandoned field outside of Marib, Yemen, Houthi rebels came charging for the boys. Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, a lack of credible and accurate data posed a challenge to effective and efficient anti-trafficking efforts around the world. Macau The international community has taken tough action to promote accountability for the PRCs actions and strengthen market defenses against the import of these goods. Indonesia Smugglinginvolves the illegal entry of a person into a state where he or she is not a resident. 333 will allow for U.S. government assistance to build the Somali militarys capacity to conduct effective, sustained counterterrorism operations against al-Shabaab and, through cooperation, help reinforce U.S. values including those related to preventing and responding to the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Governments identified on the list are subject to restrictions, in the following fiscal year, on certain security assistance and commercial licensing of military equipment. Peacekeeping Operations In this committee, she played a major role in promoting victim identification and protections for child trafficking victims. Other children excel, whether because school is where they feel safe or because they have been conditioned to please adults in their lives or developed resiliency and survival skills early in life. Child trafficking is a type of human trafficking. States can take additional measures to address the vulnerabilities to human trafficking created by the kafala system, such as those described below. This support would be intended to provide carefully calibrated capacity-building for units not directly engaged in the current conflict. Hong Kong Acknowledging the emotional weight of bringing trafficking-related casework into ones home, survivor-led and survivor-informed organizations were mindful of staff needs when managing cases remotely, offering resources and opportunities to support the staffs emotional well-being. The most durable solution to the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers will be a political solution that ends the conflict. Ethiopia Senegal For tips on how to build a survivor-informed organization, please see the NHTTAC toolkit on this topic. Cristina Narvaez Beginning October 1, 2021, and effective throughout Fiscal Year 2022, these restrictions will apply to the listed countries, absent a presidential waiver, applicable exception, or reinstatement of assistance pursuant to the terms of the CSPA. In the U.S., trafficking most frequently occurs at hotels, motels, truck stops and online. In this position, Cabrera plays a pivotal role in advancing the offices ability to investigate and prosecute human trafficking cases. These groups have found success in exploiting the publics concerns about child sex trafficking, using false information as a gateway to radicalize members. NATO Policy on Combatting Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (2019), NATO Guidance for the development of training and educational programmes to support the policy on combating the trafficking in human beings (2004). Benin Tegan Hare ECPAT UK and Missing People, Still in Harm's Way: An update report on trafficked and unaccompanied children going missing from care in the UK, 2018 Each missing child has on average 7.2 missing incidents in a single year. Governments and anti-trafficking organizations responded to the increased vulnerabilities due to the pandemic through efforts to reduce the risk of trafficking and expand protection measures for victims. The Department places each country in this Report onto one of four tiers, as mandated by the TVPA. It is essential that financial institutions train staff on techniques human traffickers use to launder money and the behavioral and financial red flag indicators of human trafficking. Cameroon has laws and regulations that prohibit the recruitment and use of child soldiers and the government generally enforces these provisions. Trafficking in persons, human trafficking, and modern slavery are umbrella termsoften used interchangeablyto refer to a crime whereby traffickers exploit and profit at the expense of adults or children by compelling them to perform labor or engage in commercial sex. Page 40: Picture Alliance Though difficult work remains ahead, the past year has already demonstrated stakeholders unwavering determination and promising innovations amid exceptional challenges. President Tshisekedi has stated that he believes that improved security will enable health workers to counter COVID and other global health threats stem illicit mineral smuggling, other illicit trafficking of natural resources and transnational criminal organizations, catalyze regional economic integration, and provide a much-needed boost to DRCs development. Additionally, the military continued to rely on local communities to source labor and supplies, thereby perpetuating conditions enabling the forced labor of adults and children. In March 2020, the government launched a rehabilitation program for Houthi-recruited child soldiers in Marib, in collaboration with NGOs and funding support from KSRelief. Working alongside communities and local and national governments Save the Children supports: By supporting livelihoods, we help families avoid the need for their children to work. The COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis with unprecedented repercussions for human rights and economic development globally, including in human trafficking. Doing so allowed the organization to continue connecting with potential trafficking victims, now hidden in private apartments and clandestine areas instead of clubs and brothels, which had been ordered to close due to the lockdown along with all other public spaces. Human trafficking in the United States - Wikipedia With limited access to wraparound services that, in many cases, are integral to survivors independence and well-being, trafficking survivors are at an increased risk of re-victimization. Rwanda The acts element of forced labor is met when the trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains a person for labor or services. They can also manipulate debts a victim owes to other people. These attacks and threats may require that the organizations divert even more resources away from victim services to improve cyber security and personal security for NGO staff. The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive in part the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to DRC to allow for the provision of IMET and PKO assistance and has certified that the Government of the DRC is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Call: 1-800-373-7888. A total of 2,198 persons were referred to U.S. There is no limit on the location or type of industry. Governments should protect and serve their citizensnot terrorize and subjugate them for profit. For example, training on trafficking indicators should be expanded to healthcare workers, such as those supporting COVID-19 testing and vaccination efforts as they might be the few people a victim could interact with in public. To help protect children during this time, and raise community awareness of the dangers, Save the Children in Mozambique launched an advocacy campaign called "Open Your Eyes" with radio and television programs, interviews, posters and postcards that reached 250,000 people, The former national team captain, Tico-Tico, even volunteered his own time to appear in several advertisements highlighting the problem of child trafficking. In Xinjiang, the government is the trafficker. Page 38: Panos/ Williams Daniels Crises disproportionately affect the most vulnerable, exacerbating the conditions for victims of human trafficking and increasing the risk of human trafficking for others. Human trafficking wasn't illegal until 2000, when the Trafficking Victims Protection Act was passed, which made it a federal crime.. This must include coming to terms with our role in having perpetuated violence and dehumanized people, and we must work to right these past wrongs. Service providers should examine how they can more meaningfully engage and collaborate with historically underserved populations to achieve inclusive and culturally responsive service delivery. Through collaboration, learning, and embracing innovation, I am confident that global anti-trafficking efforts will emerge stronger than ever. The term child soldier includes any person described in clauses (ii), (iii), or (iv) who is serving in any capacity, including in a support role, such as a cook, porter, messenger, medic, guard, or sex slave.. The traffickers coercive scheme is what matters, not a victims prior consent or ability to meaningfully consent thereafter. Pursuant to the TVPA, governments of countries on Tier 3 may be subject to certain restrictions on foreign assistance, whereby the President may determine not to provide U.S. government nonhumanitarian, nontrade-related foreign assistance as defined in the TVPA. Forty percent of those on the streets are LGBTQI+. Additionally, COVID-19 mitigation efforts, such as stay-at-home orders and travel limitations, increased rates of gender-based violence and substance abuse, both of which put individuals at a higher risk of human traffickers exploiting them. Sarah Davis This page shows a sample country narrative. World's Children is a 501(c)3 Nonprofit registered in the US under EIN 20-5276353. When a person younger than 18 is used to perform a commercial sex act, it is a crime regardless of whether there is any force, fraud, or coercion. The Human Trafficking Foundation started a Google group, and the Freedom Collaborative initiated a COVID-19 Response Facebook group. Individuals working to support survivors of human trafficking, including those who have dedicated their lives to this work, can become discouraged as the spread of misinformation distracts from providing services. Applying an equity-based lens involves evaluating and understanding how individual organizations perpetuate the marginalization of vulnerable populations, including persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ persons, indigenous peoples, and members of racial, ethnic, and religious minority groups. Leo Page-Blau South Sudan A February 2020 seminar in the government-controlled city of Marib, held by ROYG ministries and NGOs with support from Saudi Arabias King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) addressed strategies to reduce unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers, taking into account the social and political contexts of the practice. J. Brett Hernandez Please note that due to high demand, your order may not be processed right away. Children should receive immediate support and assistance in a safe and comfortable setting that is not intimidating or retraumatizing. PRC officials then defended the facilities as necessary measures to counter terrorism, while also claiming that many of them had already been closed. State withheld $850,000 in FY 2021 International Military Education and Training (IMET) funds for Mali pursuant to section 404(a) and other applicable restrictions. The Government of Maldives incorporated questions on labor exploitation and unethical recruitment into health screenings and COVID-19 contact tracing for all foreign workers. The GOA is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. The fact-finding mission has a mandate to document abuses by GNA and non-state militias, including child soldier recruitment or use. The President has determined that it is in the U.S. national interest to waive in part the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to South Sudan to allow for provision of PKO assistance and has certified that the Government of South Sudan is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. The kafala systems rules and limitations enable abusive employers to use unscrupulous employment practices that can constitute forced labor; including excessive work hours; retention of passports and travel documents by the employer; non-payment of wages; and physical, psychological, and sexual abuse or threats of abuse.
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